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Wiesel Elie (b. 1926-09-30 / d. 2016-07-02)
He was a Romanian-born American writer, professor, political activist, Nobel laureate, and Holocaust survivor. He authored 57 books, written mostly in French and English, including Night, a work based on his experiences as a Jewish prisoner in the Auschwitz and Buchenwald concentration camps. Utah senator Orrin Hatch paid tribute to Wiesel in a speech on the Senate floor the following week, in which he said that, "With Elie's passing, we have lost a beacon of humanity and hope. We have lost a hero of human rights and a luminary of Holocaust literature.
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33
Born 1917-12-02. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Accident
Road accident.
77
Born 1874-09-13. Domain:Music. Cause of death:Age
Schoenberg's experience of triskaidekaphobia (the fear of the number 13), which possibly began in 1908 with the composition of op. 15, no. 13 (Stuckenschmidt 1977, 96), and his superstitious nature may have triggered his death. According to an unverified anecdote on a website, he feared he would die during a year that was a multiple of 13. He so dreaded his sixty-fifth birthday that a friend asked composer and astrologist Dane Rudhyar to prepare Schoenberg's horoscope. Rudhyar did this and told Schoenberg that the year was dangerous, but not fatal. But in 1951, on his seventy-sixth birthday, the Viennese musician and astrologist Oskar Adler wrote Schoenberg a note warning him that the year was a critical one: 7 + 6 = 13. This stunned and depressed the composer, for up to that point he had only been wary of multiples of 13 and never considered adding the digits of his age. He became obsessed with this idea and many friends report that he frequently said: "If I can only pull through this year I shall be safe." On Friday, July 13, of his seventy-sixth year, Arnold Schoenberg stayed in bed—sick, anxious and depressed. In a letter to Schoenberg's sister Ottilie, dated 4 August 1951, his wife, Gertrud, reported "About a quarter to twelve I looked at the clock and said to myself: another quarter of an hour and then the worst is over. Then the doctor called me. Arnold's throat rattled twice, his heart gave a powerful beat and that was the end"
28
Born 1922-11-12. Domain:Writing. Cause of death:Suicide
He was a Polish writer and journalist, and a Holocaust survivor. He committed suicide at the age of 28 by breathing in gas from a gas stove.
28
Born 1923-03-19. Domain:Sport. Cause of death:Accident
He was an Italian professional road racing cyclist born in Castellania. He was the younger brother of famous Italian cyclist Fausto Coppi.
His greatest victory was winning Paris–Roubaix in 1949, when he was placed as ex-aequo winner along with André Mahé after much controversy. He died in 1951 while riding in Giro del Piemonte after crashing in the final sprint when his wheel was caught in the tracks of the Turin tramway.
80
Born 1871-02-18. Domain:Science (Math style). Cause of death:Age
George Udny Yule FRS , usually known as Udny Yule, was a British statistician, particularly known for the Yule distribution and proposing the preferential attachment model for random graphs.
81
Born 1870-12-21. Domain:Politics. Cause of death:Age
He was a French diplomat and lawyer who negotiated the Sykes–Picot Agreement with the English diplomat Sir Mark Sykes between November 1915 and March 1916 before its signing on May 16, 1916. It was a secret deal which proposed that, when the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire began after a then theoretical victory of the Triple Entente, Britain and France, and later Russia and Italy, would divide up the Arab territories between them. He was the son of historian Georges Picot and grand-uncle of Valéry Giscard d'Estaing. He married in Paris on 11 May 1897 to Marie Fouquet. They had three children: Jean Georges-Picot (b. Paris, 26 February 1898), Élisabeth Georges-Picot (1901–1906) and Sibylle Georges-Picot. His great-niece Olga Georges-Picot, appeared in the film The Day of the Jackal.
83
Born 1868-03-03. Domain:Philosophy. Cause of death:Age
In 1936, while he had long been suffering from regukar crisis of rheumatism, a stroke condemned him to a wheelchair.
82
Born 1869-04-09. Domain:Science (Math style). Cause of death:Cancer
Élie Cartan was an influential French mathematician, who did fundamental work in the theory of Lie groups and their geometric applications. He also made significant contributions to mathematical physics, differential geometry, and group theory. He was the father of another influential mathematician, Henri Cartan.
62
Born 1889-04-26. Domain:Science (Math style). Cause of death:cancer (prostate)
His last words: "Tell them I've had a wonderful life."
83
Born 1868-12-05. Domain:Science (Physics style). Cause of death:Age
Arnold Johannes Wilhelm Sommerfeld was a German theoretical physicist who pioneered developments in atomic and quantum physics, and also educated and mentored many students for the new era of theoretical physics. He served as doctoral supervisor for many Nobel Prize winners in physics and chemistry (only J. J. Thomson's record of mentorship is comparable to his). He introduced the second quantum number (azimuthal quantum number) and the third quantum number (magnetic quantum number). He also introduced the fine-structure constant and pioneered X-ray wave theory.
68
Born 1883-02-09. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Heart attack
He died at hopital Broussais.
36
Born 1914-12-17. Domain:Society. Cause of death:Murder
Raymond Fernandez and his common-law wife Martha Beck became known as "The Lonely Hearts Killers" after their arrest and trial for serial murder in 1949. Between 1947 and 1949 they are believed to have killed as many as 20 women. The 1970 movie The Honeymoon Killers, the 1996 movie Deep Crimson (Profundo carmesi), the 2006 movie Lonely Hearts, and an episode of the TV series Cold Case were all based on this case.
Raymond and Martha were convicted of three murders and sentenced to death. Both went to the electric chair.
Despite their tumultuous arguments and relationship problems, they appear to have been dedicated to each other, as demonstrated by their official last words:
"I wanna shout it out; I love Martha! What do the public know about love?" - Raymond Fernandez
"My story is a love story. But only those tortured by love can know what I mean [...] Imprisonment in the Death House has only strengthened my feeling for Raymond...." - Martha Beck
31
Born 1919-12-17. Domain:Society. Cause of death:Murder
Due to a glandular problem, she was overweight from an early age and experienced puberty at a very young age. At thirteen, she was raped by her brother. Her domineering, violent mother blamed the attack on Martha, and beat her. Together with Ray Fernandez, they became known as "The Lonely Hearts Killers" after their arrest and trial for serial murder in 1949. Between 1947 and 1949 they are believed to have killed as many as 20 women. The 1970 movie The Honeymoon Killers, the 1996 movie Deep Crimson (Profundo carmesi), the 2006 movie Lonely Hearts, and an episode of the TV series Cold Case were all based on this case.
Raymond and Martha were convicted of three murders and sentenced to death. Both went to the electric chair.
Despite their tumultuous arguments and relationship problems, they appear to have been dedicated to each other, as demonstrated by their official last words:
"I wanna shout it out; I love Martha! What do the public know about love?" - Raymond Fernandez
"My story is a love story. But only those tortured by love can know what I mean [...] Imprisonment in the Death House has only strengthened my feeling for Raymond...." - Martha Beck
82
Born 1869-11-22. Domain:Writing. Cause of death:Age
Gide was brought up in isolated conditions in Normandy and became a prolific writer at an early age.
50
Born 1901-01-28. Domain:Politics. Cause of death:Operation
He was a prominent person in political action and served as Minister of labor. He died after undergoing a big operation a few months after his son killed in an accident.
60
Born 1891-07-13. Domain:Music. Cause of death:alcohol, other drugs
Born in Paris, France to a poor and dysfunctional Breton family, Marguerite Boulc'h was a child left to a life on the streets in the dark side of Paris. In her teens she got a break when she met one of the female music-hall performers who heard her sing and introduced her to show business promoters. She began performing under the stage name "Pervenche" and soon met and married Robert Hollard, a performer who used the nom de guerre "Roberty". Alcohol entered her life at an early age and her drinking became a problem for her husband. Their marriage did not last long and Boulc'h's husband left her for the Parisian singer, Damia. Fréhel then began a relationship with Maurice Chevalier but that too did not last long and after he left her for the much older megastar Mistinguett, the distraught girl, still only 19 years old, attempted suicide.
Following her failed suicide attempt, in 1911 Marguerite Boulc'h tried to escape her pain and travelled to Bucharest, Turkey and then to Russia where she remained for more than ten years. Lost in a world of alcohol and drugs, she returned to Paris in 1923 to a shocked public that saw the wasted shadow of the singer they had known and loved. She then signalled a new beginning by switching to the stage name "Fréhel", taking the name from Cap Fréhel in Brittany where her parents had been born. Singing as Fréhel, at the Paris Olympia in 1924 she recaptured the former magic with a powerful performance and was soon headlining at the most popular venues in the country. Part of what is now referred to as the bal musette, Fréhel often sang accompanied by pipes and/or an accordion player.
Despite being one of Europe's most sought after performers, her destructive addictions led to her dropping out of sight for years. She never found the love she had sought for so long and died in 1951, a wretched drunk, alone in a hotel in Pigalle. She was interred in the Cimetière de Pantin, near Paris.
76
Born 1875-09-03. Domain:Science (Physics style). Cause of death:Stroke
He was an Austrian-German automotive engineer and honorary Doctor of Engineering.
43
Born 1907-05-04. Domain:Writing. Cause of death:Infection (Lungs)
Tuberculosis. "Invasion 14".
65
Born 1886-11-15. Domain:Writing. Cause of death:Age
Also known as Shaykh `Abd al-Wahid Yahya, he was a French author and intellectual who remains an influential figure in the domain of metaphysics, having written on topics ranging from metaphysics, "sacred science" and traditional studies to symbolism and initiation. René Guénon died on January 7, 1951; it is reported that his final word was "Allah" ("God").
78
Born 1872-08-15. Domain:Philosophy. Cause of death:Age
Sri Aurobindo (born Aurobindo Ghose) was an Indian philosopher, yoga guru, maharishi, poet, and Indian nationalist. He was also a journalist, editing newspapers such as Bande Mataram. He joined the Indian movement for independence from British colonial rule, until 1910 was one of its influential leaders and then became a spiritual reformer, introducing his visions on human progress and spiritual evolution. Sri Aurobindo's close spiritual collaborator, Mirra Alfassa (b. Alfassa), came to be known as The Mother. She was a French national, born in Paris on 21 February 1878. In her 20s she studied occultism with Max Theon. Along with her husband, Paul Richard, she went to Pondicherry on 29 March 1914, and finally settled there in 1920. Sri Aurobindo considered her his spiritual equal and collaborator. After 24 November 1926, when Sri Aurobindo retired into seclusion, he left it to her to plan, build and run the ashram, the community of disciples which had gathered around them. Sometime later, when families with children joined the ashram, she established and supervised the Sri Aurobindo International Centre of Education with its experiments in the field of education. When he died in 1950, she continued their spiritual work, directed the ashram, and guided their disciples. (Auroville)
94
Born 1856-07-26. Domain:Writing. Cause of death:Age
During his final years Shaw enjoyed attending to the grounds at Shaw's Corner; his death when he was 94 resulted from injuries from a fall while he was pruning a tree. His ashes, mixed with those of his wife, were scattered along footpaths and around the statue of Saint Joan in their garden.
81
Born 1869-04-12. Domain:Science (Math style). Cause of death:Age
Ada Isabel Maddison was a British mathematician best known for her work on differential equations.
65
Born 1885-01-28. Domain:Science (Medical/Bio style). Cause of death:Age
He was born Friedrich Heinrich Lewy.
He was a prominent neurologist. He is perhaps best known for the discovery of Lewy bodies, which are a characteristic indicator of Parkinson's disease and Dementia with Lewy bodies.
He is consistently referred to as "Lewy", although he changed his names during the US years, ending up with "Lewey".
47
Born 1903-00-00. Domain:Society. Cause of death:Accident
He was an American Master Sergeant and the hangman for the Third United States Army at the Nuremberg Trials.
Woods carried out the execution of ten Nazi war criminals, who had been sentenced to death by hanging at Nuremberg in 1946. Altogether he hanged 347 criminals in his 15-year career.
He died accidentally, while repairing an electric chair
41
Born 1908-09-09. Domain:Writing. Cause of death:Suicide
After the war he joined the Italian Communist Party and worked on the party's newspaper L'Unità. Towards the end of his life, he visited frequently Le Langhe, the area where he was born, where he found great solace. However, love frustrations (Constance Dowling) and political disillusionment led him to his suicide, by an overdose of barbiturates, in 1950 – the year in which he won the Strega Prize for 'La Bella Estate', comprising three novellas: 'La tenda', written in 1940, 'Il diavolo sulle colline'(1948) and 'Tra donne sole' (1949).
48
Born 1901-12-25. Domain:Politics. Cause of death:Murder
After the occupation of Czechoslovakia by Nazi Germany in 1939, she joined the underground resistance movement, but was arrested by the Gestapo in 1940. She was initially sentenced to death, but later her punishment was reduced to life imprisonment and Horáková was sent to a concentration camp Terezín and then to various prisons in Germany.
After the liberation in May 1945, she returned to Prague, rejoining her party. She was elected a Member of Parliament, where she remained until the Communist coup in February 1948, when she resigned. Even though she was urged by her friends to leave Czechoslovakia, she remained in the country and was still politically active. On September 27, 1949 she was arrested and eventually accused of being the leader of a supposed plot to overthrow the Communist regime.
The trial of her and her twelve colleagues began on May 31, 1950. It was intended to be a show trial like those of the Soviet Great Purges in the 1930s.
She was sentenced to death along with three of her co-defendants on June 8, 1950. Many famous people, notably Albert Einstein, Winston Churchill or Eleanor Roosevelt, petitioned for her life, but in spite of this the sentence was confirmed and she was hanged in Pankrác Prison.
75
Born 1875-09-01. Domain:Writing. Cause of death:Heart attack
The town of Tarzana, California was named after Tarzan. In 1919 Burroughs purchased a large ranch north of Los Angeles, California which he named "Tarzana." The citizens of the community that sprang up around the ranch voted to adopt that name when their town was incorporated in 1928.
At the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor he was a resident of Hawaii and, despite being in his late sixties, he asked for permission to be a war correspondent. This permission was granted and so he became the oldest war correspondent for the U.S. during World War II. After the war ended, Burroughs moved back to Encino, California, where, after many health problems, he died of a heart attack having written almost seventy novels.