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Overton Joseph Paul (b. 1960-01-04 / d. 2003-06-30)
He was a senior vice president of the Mackinac Center for Public Policy. He held a bachelor of science degree in electrical engineering from Michigan Technological University and a Juris Doctor degree from the Thomas M. Cooley Law School. Overton is known for conceiving of the idea now known as the Overton window, the range of policies politically acceptable to the mainstream at a given time. He died at age 43 from injuries suffered in a crash while piloting an ultralight aircraft, soon after taking off from the Tuscola Area Airport near Caro, Michigan. Overton had just married a few weeks before the accident.
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88
Born 1931-09-12. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Age
Sir Ian Holm Cuthbert CBE, known as Ian Holm, was an English actor on stage and in film. He received the 1967 Tony Award for Best Featured Actor for his performance as Lenny in The Homecoming and the 1998 Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor for his performance in the title role of King Lear. He won the 1981 BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role for his role as athletics trainer Sam Mussabini in Chariots of Fire, for which he was also nominated for an Academy Award. His other well-known film roles include Ash in Alien, Father Vito Cornelius in The Fifth Element, Chef Skinner in Ratatouille, and Bilbo Baggins in The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit film series. He was treated for prostate cancer in 2001. He died in hospital on 19 June 2020 at the age of 88. He had Parkinson's disease for a number of years.
75
Born 1940-10-08. Domain:Science (Math style). Cause of death:cancer (blood)
He was a Chinese mathematician. He was an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).
86
Born 1929-10-14. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Age
He was an Argentinian-born, German voice actor, who specialized in dubbing. He was born to German parents, but grew up in Argentina. He moved to Munich in 1938. Gastell was best known in Germany as the voice of Homer Simpson in the German version of The Simpsons, which he provided since the series was first aired in 1991 until his death. He is also remembered for dubbing the character Trevor Ochmonek in the sitcom ALF, Coach Pantusso in Cheers and Cornelius Fudge in the Harry Potter films. He was also active in radio plays.
81
Born 1934-11-05. Domain:Science (Math style). Cause of death:Age
He was a Polish mathematician, studying mainly algebraic number theory. He was a professor at the Institute of Mathematics of the Polish Academy of Sciences. In 1994, together with Juliusz Brzeziński, he formulated the n-conjecture—a version of the abc conjecture involving n > 2 integers.
76
Born 1937-10-23. Domain:Music. Cause of death:Age
He was a French singer and songwriter. His 1973 song "Qui c'est celui-là?" was done partido alto by Chico Buarque; it sold more than 300,000 copies and secured for him a place in the memories of the teenagers of the time. In 2006 he discovered he had Parkinson disease.
85
Born 1927-09-25. Domain:Music. Cause of death:Age
Sir Colin Rex Davis was an English conductor best known for his association with the London Symphony Orchestra, having first conducted it in 1959. His repertoire was broad, but among the composers with whom he was particularly associated were Mozart, Berlioz, Elgar, Sibelius, Stravinsky and Tippett.
85
Born 1925-06-03. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Age
His parents were Hungarian Jewish immigrants from Mátészalka, Hungary. Hungarian was Curtis' only language until he was five or six, postponing his schooling.
When Curtis was eight, he and his younger brother Julius were placed in an orphanage for a month because their parents could not afford to feed them. Four years later, Julius was struck and killed by a truck.
Curtis was married six times. His first wife was actress Janet Leigh, to whom he was married from 1951–1962, and with whom he fathered actresses Kelly and Jamie Lee Curtis
91
Born 1918-05-15. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Age
Joseph Wiseman was a Canadian American theatre and film actor, well known for starring as the villain Julius No in the first James Bond film, Dr. No in 1962. Wiseman was also known for his role as Manny Weisbord on the TV series Crime Story, and his career on Broadway. He was once called "the spookiest actor in the American theatre." Wiseman married Nell Kinard on August 25, 1943 in New York, but they eventually divorced May 15, 1964 in Durham NC. He was married to dancer, teacher, and choreographer Pearl Lang from 1964 until her death in February 2009. Wiseman died at his home in Manhattan aged 91, having been in declining health for some time.
22
Born 1986-02-27. Domain:Society. Cause of death:Murder
Oscar Juliuss Grant III lived in Hayward, California. Grant had worked as a butcher at Farmer Joe's Marketplace in Oakland's Dimond District after jobs at several Kentucky Fried Chicken outlets. He attended both San Lorenzo and Mount Eden High Schools in Hayward until the 10th grade and eventually earned his GED. In the motion for bail, Mehserle's attorney, Michael Rains, stated that toxicology testing of Grant's blood revealed the presence of alcohol (0.02%) and Fentanyl, a potent pain reliever. The coroner's bureau said the pathologist's autopsy protocol would be finalized in March 2009. Grant's funeral was held at the Palma Ceia Baptist Church in Hayward on January 7, 2009. Grant's mother, sister, daughter, and girlfriend (his daughter's mother) filed a wrongful death claim against BART following his death.
54
Born 1953-01-31. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Accident
He was a polish actor, who died electrocuted. He had played in Vabank
Vabank is a Polish film from 1981; the first film directed by Juliusz Machulski.
The film, sometimes referred to as Polish The Sting, tells the story of a conman, legendary Kwinto. He considered himself an honorable thief - but after being framed for bank robbery by an accomplice, named Kramer, he was sentenced for six years. Further, upon leaving the jail he learns that that person murdered his musician friend - and is now a bank president. Kramer, always ruthless, hires an assassin to kill him. Kwinto, on the other hand, from the beginning sets his goal on getting even. Meanwhile, a pair of young conman hearing that famous Kwinto is free try to get him into their team. Kwinto, employing a retired pro and the two young admirers, plans to do one last job to get even with Kramer...
A sequel, Vabank II, was filmed in 1984
62
Born 1942-04-23. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Kidney failure
Born Alexandria Cymboliak Zuck to John and Mary (née Cymboliak) in Bayonne, New Jersey, who later divorced. Her mother was of Rusyn ancestry. Abbreviated as "Sandra", she became a professional model by the age of four and subsequently progressed to television commercials.
Sandra Dee made her first film, Until They Sail, in 1957. There was some confusion as to her actual birth year, with evidence pointing to both 1942 and 1944, however Intelius indicates 1942.
Dee's adult years were marked by ill health. She admitted that for most of her life she battled anorexia nervosa, depression and alcoholism. In 2000, it was reported that she had been diagnosed with a myriad ailments, including throat cancer and renal disease. It was later learned that the former (the cancer scare) was unfounded, but the latter (renal or kidney disease) was indeed true. Complications of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), combined with pneumonia, led to her death at the Los Robles Hospital & Medical Center in Thousand Oaks, California.
72
Born 1930-10-01. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Other
Later in his career, Harris appeared in two Oscar-winning films, first as gunman "English Bob" in the 1992 western, Unforgiven, as well as portraying Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius in Ridley Scott's Gladiator (2000). Harris also played a lead role along side James Earl Jones in the 1995 movie "Cry, the Beloved Country".
Harris initially declined the offer to play Albus Dumbledore in the Harry Potter films, not wanting to commit to subsequent sequels. Upon learning that he had turned down the role, his granddaughter convinced him that he was "going to do it." He played the role of Headmaster Dumbledore in the first two Harry Potter film adaptations, but died before filming commenced on the third movie. He died of the Hodgkins disease.
89
Born 1911-10-15. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Age
He is the French voice of actors like Charlton Heston (The Ten Commandments, The Three Musketeers, The Greatest Show on Earth), James Mason (Julius Caesar)
96
Born 1904-04-14. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Age
Gielgud was convicted of "persistently importuning for immoral purposes" (cottaging) in a Chelsea mews in 1953.
Longtime partner Martin Hensler, 30 years his junior, died just a few months before Gielgud's own death in 2000. He only publicly acknowledged Hensler as his partner in 1988, in the programme notes for The Best of Friends which was his final stage performance. Despite going to Hollywood to appear alongside Charlton Heston in Julius Caesar in early 1970s, Gielgud would avoid Hollywood for over a decade for fear of being denied entry because of the arrest.
79
Born 1912-05-28. Domain:Science (Math style). Cause of death:Age
He was a pioneer of computer algebra.
69
Born 1918-05-11. Domain:Science (Physics style). Cause of death:Cancer
He was an American physicist known for the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the theory of quantum electrodynamics, the physics of the superfluidity of supercooled liquid helium, as well as work in particle physics (the parton model was proposed by him). For his contributions to the development of quantum electrodynamics, Feynman was a joint recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965, together with Julian Schwinger and Sin-Itiro Tomonaga.
He said:
"There are 10^11 stars in the galaxy. That used to be a huge number.
But it's only a hundred billion. It's less than the national deficit!
We used to call them astronomical numbers. Now we should call them
economical numbers."
In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude/topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the locale, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal.
He was unfortunate in developing two rare forms of cancer, namely Liposarcoma and Waldenström macroglobulinemia, dying shortly after a final attempt at surgery for the former. His last recorded words are noted as "I'd hate to die twice. It's so boring."
31
Born 1954-03-29. Domain:Society. Cause of death:Accident
On April 15, 1975, a few days after moving into her new house, Quinlan attended a friend's birthday party at a local bar. She had eaten almost nothing for 48 hours. At the party, she reportedly drank a few gin and tonics — and took a tranquilizer, believed to be phenobarbital, but perhaps valium or methaqualone — when she suddenly felt faint. Shortly thereafter she was taken home and put in bed. When friends checked on her about fifteen minutes later, they found she was not breathing.
An ambulance was called and mouth-to-mouth resuscitation was attempted. Eventually some color returned to her pallid skin, but she did not regain consciousness.
Karen Quinlan was admitted to Newton Memorial Hospital in New Jersey in a coma. She remained there for nine days in an unresponsive condition before being transferred to St Clare's Hospital, a larger facility.
Karen Quinlan had suffered irreversible brain damage after experiencing an extended period of respiratory failure (lasting no more than 15–20 minutes). No precise cause of her respiratory failure has been given, although her mother has said that the doctors' best guess was that she fell asleep or passed out and aspirated on her own vomit. She was in a coma. Her eyes were "disconjugate" — that is, they no longer moved in the same direction together — and her EEG, while not flat, showed only abnormal slow-wave activity.
She was in a very deep and un-recoverable form of unconsciousness called a persistent vegetative state.
Over the next few months she remained in hospital and her condition gradually deteriorated. She lost weight - eventually weighing less than 80 pounds (36 kilograms). She was prone to unpredictable, violent thrashing of her limbs. She was only kept alive by nasogastric feeding and the constant presence of a ventilator to help her breathe.
After seeing Karen like this for several months, her family finally came to the conclusion that she was beyond hope, and decided to remove her from the ventilator. Hospital officials refused. They were probably wary of a recent, well-publicised case where a doctor, Kenneth Edelin had been charged with manslaughter for performing a late-term abortion. The boundaries of the "right to life" was a topical issue and the hospital's lawyers did not want to risk a legal quagmire.
The Quinlan family persevered, and in 1976 they took their case to the New Jersey Supreme Court, which ruled in their favor. When she was taken off the respirator, Quinlan surprised many by continuing to breathe unaided, and was fed by artificial nutrition for nine more years.
She lived in a persistent vegetative state until her death from pneumonia in 1985. Quinlan was buried at Gate of Heaven Cemetery in East Hanover, New Jersey.
87
Born 1890-10-02. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Pneumonia
In the 1977 Best Picture-winning Woody Allen film, Annie Hall, Woody opens the movie with a famous quotation, which he, reservedly, attributed to Groucho: "I refuse to belong to any club that will accept me as a member." The quotation was the end of an anecdote in Groucho's autobiography, "Groucho and Me."
63
Born 1906-07-25. Domain:Music. Cause of death:Heart attack
John Cornelius "Johnny" Hodges was an American alto saxophonist and lead player of Duke Ellington's saxophone section. His playing became the identifying voice of the Ellington orchestra. A small highly precise man, his last performances were at the Imperial Room in Toronto less than a week before his death from a heart attack. His last recordings are featured on The New Orleans Suite, incomplete on his death.
78
Born 1889-11-10. Domain:Performing. Cause of death:Age
Following The Invisible Man, Universal Studios tried to typecast him in horror films, but he broke free, starting with the role of Prince John in The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), then with his Academy Award-nominated role as the conflicted corrupt senator in Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939), and followed with probably his most famous role, the suave French police Captain Renault in Casablanca (1942). In 1945, Rains became the first actor to receive a million dollar salary for his role as Julius Caesar in Caesar and Cleopatra.
Rains died from an internal haemorrhage, in Laconia, New Hampshire at the age of 77. He is interred in the Red Hill Cemetery, Moultonborough, New Hampshire.
92
Born 1865-12-08. Domain:Music. Cause of death:Age
Tawaststjerna relayed an endearing anecdote regarding Sibelius' death: [He] was returning from his customary morning walk. Exhilarated, he told his wife Aino that he had seen a flock of cranes approaching. "There they come, the birds of my youth," he exclaimed. Suddenly, one of the birds broke away from the formation and circled once above Ainola. It then rejoined the flock to continue its journey. Two days afterwards Sibelius died of a brain hemorrhage, at age 91, in Ainola, where he is buried in a garden. Another well-known Finnish composer, Heino Kaski, died that same day. Aino lived there for the next twelve years until she died on June 8, 1969; she is buried with her husband.
37
Born 1915-09-28. Domain:Society. Cause of death:Murder
The Rosenbergs were convicted on March 29, 1951, and on April 5 were sentenced to death by Judge Irving Kaufman under Section 2 of the 1917 Espionage Act, 50 U.S. Code 32 (now 18 U.S. Code 794), which prohibits transmitting or attempting to transmit to a foreign government information "relating to the national defense." The conviction helped to fuel Senator Joseph McCarthy's investigations into anti-American activities by U.S. citizens. While their devotion to the Communist cause was well documented, the Rosenbergs denied the espionage charges even as they faced the electric chair.
The couple was executed at sundown in the electric chair at Sing Sing Correctional Facility in Ossining, New York. This was delayed from the originally scheduled date of June 18 because, on June 17, Supreme Court Associate Justice William O. Douglas had granted a stay of execution. That stay resulted from the intervention in the case of Fyke Farmer, a Tennessee lawyer whose efforts had previously met with scorn from the Rosenbergs' attorney.
On June 18, the Court was called back into special session to dispose of Douglas' stay rather than let the execution be delayed for months while the appeal that was the basis of the stay wended its way through the lower courts. The Court did not vacate Douglas's stay until noon on June 19. Thus, the execution then was scheduled for later in the evening after the start of the Jewish Sabbath. Desperately playing for more time, their lawyer, Emanuel Bloch, filed a complaint that this offended their Jewish heritage—so the execution was scheduled before sunset. Reports of the execution state that Julius died after the first application of electricity, but Ethel did not succumb immediately and was subjected to two more electrical charges before being pronounced dead. The chair was designed for a man of average size; and Ethel Rosenberg was a petite woman: this discrepancy resulted, it is claimed, in the electrodes fitting poorly and making poor electrical contact. Eyewitness testimony (as given by a newsreel report featured in the 1982 documentary film The Atomic Cafe) describes smoke rising from her head.
Ethel and Julius Rosenberg are buried at Wellwood Cemetery in Pinelawn (Suffolk County), New York.
The Rosenbergs' two sons, Robert and Michael, were orphaned by the executions, and no relatives dared adopt them for fear of ostracism or worse. They were finally adopted by the songwriter Abel Meeropol and his wife Anne, and they assumed the Meeropol surname. Abel Meeropol (under the pen name of Lewis Allan) wrote the classic anti-lynching anthem "Strange Fruit", made famous by singer Billie Holiday. Robert and Michael co-wrote a book about the experience, We are Your Sons: The Legacy of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg (1975), and Robert wrote another book in 2004, An Execution in the Family: One Son's Journey. In 1990, Robert founded the Rosenberg Fund for Children, a non-profit foundation that provides support for children whose parents are leftist activists involved in court cases.
35
Born 1918-05-12. Domain:Society. Cause of death:Murder
The Rosenbergs were convicted on March 29, 1951, and on April 5 were sentenced to death by Judge Irving Kaufman under Section 2 of the 1917 Espionage Act, 50 U.S. Code 32 (now 18 U.S. Code 794), which prohibits transmitting or attempting to transmit to a foreign government information "relating to the national defense." The conviction helped to fuel Senator Joseph McCarthy's investigations into anti-American activities by U.S. citizens. While their devotion to the Communist cause was well documented, the Rosenbergs denied the espionage charges even as they faced the electric chair.
The couple was executed at sundown in the electric chair at Sing Sing Correctional Facility in Ossining, New York.
The guilt of the Rosenbergs and the appropriateness of their sentence have been subject of perennial debate; however, information released after the Cold War has been taken as confirming a charge against Julius about espionage, but not in relation to atomic bombs. Recent information does not support the charge that the Rosenbergs provided information that led to the Soviet Union developing the atomic bomb—the rationale for their execution. According to the former Soviet agent who was Julius's contact: "He didn't understand anything about the atomic bomb and he couldn't help us."
30
Born 1913-06-18. Domain:Science (Math style). Cause of death:Murder
Paul Julius Oswald Teichmüller was a German mathematician who introduced quasiconformal mappings and differential geometric methods into complex analysis. He joined the Nazi Party in July 1931 and became a member of the Sturmabteilung in August 1931. In 1933 he organized the boycott of his Jewish professor Edmund Landau. In 1936 and 1937 he attended lectures by Nevanlinna, who sympathized with the Third Reich, where he was a guest professor and, like Brouwer, was considered by the Nazis as "politically reliable" (Rudolf Heß was in charge of the assessment). Under the influence of Nevanlinna, Teichmüller specialized in geometric function theory. Upon personal authorisation from the Führer, he joined the Wehrmacht in 1939 and was killed fighting on the Eastern Front (ca 9-15-1943).
56
Born 1879-04-23. Domain:Art. Cause of death:Cancer
Kazimir Severinovich Malevich was a Russian avant-garde artist and art theorist, whose pioneering work and writing had a profound influence on the development of non-objective, or abstract art, in the 20th century. Born in Kiev to an ethnic Polish family, his concept of Suprematism sought to develop a form of expression that moved as far as possible from the world of natural forms (objectivity) and subject matter in order to access "the supremacy of pure feeling" and spirituality. Malevich is considered to be part of the Ukrainian avant-garde (together with Alexander Archipenko, Vladimir Tatlin, Sonia Delaunay, Aleksandra Ekster, and David Burliuk) that was shaped by Ukrainian-born artists who worked first in Ukraine and later over a geographical span between Europe and America. Early on, Malevich worked in a variety of styles, quickly assimilating the movements of Impressionism, Symbolism and Fauvism, and after visiting Paris in 1912, Cubism. Gradually simplifying his style, he developed an approach with key works consisting of pure geometric forms and their relationships to one another, set against minimal grounds. His Black Square (1915), a black square on white, represented the most radically abstract painting known to have been created so far and drew "an uncrossable line (…) between old art and new art"; Suprematist Composition: White on White (1918), a barely differentiated off-white square superimposed on an off-white ground, would take his ideal of pure abstraction to its logical conclusion. In addition to his paintings, Malevich laid down his theories in writing, such as "From Cubism and Futurism to Suprematism" (1915) and The Non-Objective World: The Manifesto of Suprematism (1926). When Malevich died of cancer at the age of fifty-seven, in Leningrad, his friends and disciples buried his ashes in a grave marked with a black square. They didn't fulfill his stated wish to have the grave topped with an "architekton"—one of his skyscraper-like maquettes of abstract forms, equipped with a telescope through which visitors were to gaze at Jupiter.
69
Born 1852-05-31. Domain:Science (Medical/Bio style). Cause of death:Age
Julius Richard Petri was a German microbiologist who is generally credited with inventing the device known as the Petri dish, which is named after him, while working as assistant to bacteriologist Robert Koch. Petri plates are sometimes incubated upside down (agar on top) to lessen the risk of contamination from settling airborne particles and to prevent water condensation from accumulating and disturbing the cultured microbes. Scientists have long been growing cells in natural and synthetic matrix environments to elicit phenotypes that are not expressed on conventionally rigid substrates. Unfortunately, growing cells either on or within soft matrices can be an expensive, labor-intensive, and impractical undertaking.
60
Born 1844-11-24. Domain:Science (Medical/Bio style). Cause of death:Age
Friedrich Jolly was a German neurologist and psychiatrist who was a native of Heidelberg, and the son of physicist Philipp von Jolly (1809–1884). He studied medicine at Göttingen under Georg Meissner (1829–1905), and in 1867 received his doctorate at Munich. In 1868 he became an assistant to Bernhard von Gudden (1824–1886) and Hubert von Grashey (1839–1914) at the mental institution in Werneck, and in 1870 was an assistant to Franz von Rinecker (1811–1883) at the Juliusspital in Würzburg. In 1873 Jolly became director of the psychiatric clinic in Strassburg, where he was named as successor to Richard von Krafft-Ebing (1840–1902). In 1890 he succeeded Karl Friedrich Otto Westphal (1833–1890) as director of the neuropsychiatric clinic at the Berlin Charité. Jolly is remembered for his pioneer research of myasthenia gravis, including the electrophysiological aspects involving abnormal fatigue associated with the disease which forms the basis of Jolly's test. He is credited with coining the term myasthenia gravis pseudoparalytica for the disorder. He was the author of an influential treatise on hypochondria that was published in Hugo Wilhelm von Ziemssen's "Handbuch der speciellen Pathologie und Therapie". His "Untersuchungen über den elektrischen Leitungswiderstand des menschlichen Körpers" (1884) was fundamental to the study of electrical diagnostics.
23
Born 1880-04-03. Domain:Philosophy. Cause of death:Suicide
Otto Weininger was an Austrian philosopher who lived in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In 1903, he published the book Geschlecht und Charakter (Sex and Character), which gained popularity after his suicide at the age of 23. Parts of his work were adapted for use by the Nazi regime (which at the same time denounced him). Weininger had a strong influence on Ludwig Wittgenstein, August Strindberg, Julius Evola, and, via his lesser-known work Über die letzten Dinge, on James Joyce. On 4 October Weininger was found mortally wounded, having shot himself in the chest. He died in the Wiener Allgemeines Krankenhaus (Vienna General Hospital) and was buried in the Matzleinsdorf Protestant Cemetery in Vienna.